CHAPTER XI
FALSE
EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE
Giving false evidence.
191.
Whoever,
being legally bound by an oath, or by any express provision of law to
state the truth, or being bound by law to make a declaration upon
any subject, makes any statement which is false, and which he either
knows or believes to be false, or does not believe to be true, is
said to give false evidence.Explanation
1.A statement is within the meaning of
this section whether it is made verbally or otherwise.Explanation
2.A false statement as to the belief of
the person attesting is within the meaning of this section, and
a person may be guilty of giving false evidence by stating that
he believes a thing which he does not believe, as well as by stating
that he knows a thing which he does not know.Illustrations(a) A,
in support of a just claim which B has against Z for $1,000, falsely swears on a trial
that he heard Z admit the justice of B’s
claim. A has given false evidence.
(b) A,
being bound by an oath to state the truth, states that he believes
a certain signature to be the handwriting of Z,
when he does not believe it to be the handwriting of Z.
Here A states that which he knows to be false,
and therefore gives false evidence.
(c) A,
knowing the general character of Z’s
handwriting, states that he believes a certain signature to be handwriting
of Z, A in good faith believing
it to be so. Here A’s statement is
merely as to his belief, and is true as to his belief, and therefore,
although the signature may not be the handwriting of Z,
A has not given false evidence.
(d) A,
being bound by an oath to state the truth, states that he knows
that Z was at a particular place on a particular
day, not knowing anything upon the subject. A gives
false evidence as to whether Z was at that place
on the day named, or not.
(e) A,
an interpreter or translator, gives or certifies as a true interpretation
or translation of a statement or document which he is bound by oath
to interpret or translate truly, that which is not and which he
does not believe to be a true interpretation or translation. A has given false evidence.
Fabricating false evidence.
192.
Whoever
causes any circumstances to exist, or makes any false entry in any book
or record or electronic record, or makes
any document or electronic record containing
a false statement, intending that such circumstance, false entry,
or false statement may appear in evidence in a judicial proceeding,
or in a proceeding taken by law before a public servant as such,
or before an arbitrator, and that such circumstances, false entry,
or false statement, so appearing in evidence, may cause any person,
who in such proceeding is to form an opinion upon the evidence,
to entertain an erroneous opinion touching any point material to
the result of such proceeding, is said “to fabricate false
evidence”.Illustrations(a) A puts
jewels into a box belonging to Z with the intention
that they may be found in that box and that this circumstances may
cause Z to be convicted of theft. A has
fabricated false evidence.
(b) A makes
a false entry in his shop-book for the purpose of using it as corroborative
evidence in a court of justice. A has fabricated
false evidence.
(c) A,
with the intention of causing Z to be convicted
of a criminal conspiracy, writes a letter in imitation of Z’s
handwriting, purporting to be addressed to an accomplice in such
criminal conspiracy, and puts the letter in a place which he knows
that the officers of the police are likely to search. A has
fabricated false evidence.
Punishment for false evidence.
193.
Whoever
intentionally gives false evidence in any stage of a judicial proceeding,
or fabricates false evidence for the purpose of being used in any
stage of a judicial proceeding, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 7 years, and shall also be liable
to fine; and whoever intentionally gives or fabricates false evidence
in any other case, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to 3 years, and shall also be liable to fine.Explanation
1.A trial before a court martial is a
judicial proceeding.Explanation
2.An investigation directed by law preliminary
to a proceeding before a court of justice, is a stage of a judicial
proceeding, though that investigation may not take place before
a court of justice.IllustrationA, in an inquiry before a Magistrate
for the purpose of ascertaining whether Z ought to be committed
for trial, makes on oath a statement which he knows to be false.
As this inquiry is a stage of a judicial proceeding. A has given
false evidence.Explanation
3.An investigation directed by a court
of justice according to law, and conducted under the authority of
a court of justice, is a stage of a judicial proceeding, though
that investigation may not take place before a court of justice.IllustrationA, in an inquiry before an officer deputed
by a court of justice to ascertain on the spot the boundaries of
land, makes on oath a statement which he knows to be false. As this
inquiry is a stage of a judicial proceeding, A has given false evidence.
Giving or fabricating false evidence
with intent to procure conviction of a capital offence. If innocent
person is thereby convicted and executed.
194.
Whoever
gives or fabricates false evidence, intending thereby to cause,
or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause, any person
to be convicted of an offence which is capital by this Code, or
under any other law for the time being in force, shall be punished
with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment for a term which
may extend to 20
years, and shall also be liable to fine; and if an innocent
person is convicted and executed in consequence of such false evidence,
the person who gives such false evidence shall be punished either
with death or the punishment hereinbefore described.
Giving or fabricating false evidence
with intent to procure conviction of an offence punishable with
imprisonment.
195.
Whoever
gives or fabricates false evidence, intending thereby to cause,
or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause, any person
to be convicted of an offence which by this Code or under any other
law for the time being in force is not capital, but punishable with
imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for a term of 7 years or
upwards, shall be punished as a person convicted of that offence
would be liable to be punished.IllustrationA
gives false evidence before a court of justice, intending thereby
to cause Z to be convicted of a gang-robbery. The punishment of
gang-robbery is imprisonment for a term of not less than 5 years and
not more than 20 years and also caning with not less than 12 strokes.
A, therefore, is liable to such imprisonment, with caning.
Using evidence known to be false.
196.
Whoever
corruptly uses or attempts to use as true or genuine evidence any
evidence which he knows to be false or fabricated, shall be punished
in the same manner as if he gave or fabricated false evidence.
Issuing or signing a false certificate.
197.
Whoever
issues or signs any certificate required by law to be given or signed, or
relating to any fact of which such certificate is by law admissible
in evidence, knowing or believing that such certificate is false
in any material point, shall be punished in the same manner as if
he gave false evidence.
Using as a true certificate one known
to be false in a material point.
198.
Whoever
corruptly uses or attempts to use any such certificate as a true
certificate, knowing the same to be false in any material point,
shall be punished in the same manner as if he gave false evidence.
False statement made in any declaration
which is by law receivable as evidence.
199.
Whoever,
in any declaration made or subscribed by him, which declaration any
court of justice, or any public servant or other person, is bound
or authorised by law to receive as evidence of any fact, makes any
statement which is false, and which he either knows or believes
to be false or does not believe to be true, touching any point material
to the object for which the declaration is made or used, shall be punished
in the same manner as if he gave false evidence.
Using as true any such declaration
known to be false.
200.
Whoever
corruptly uses or attempts to use as true any such declaration knowing
the same to be false in any material point, shall be punished in
the same manner as if he gave false evidence.Explanation.A declaration which is inadmissible
merely upon the ground of some informality, is a declaration within
the meaning of sections 199 and 200.
Causing
disappearance of evidence of an offence committed, or giving false
information touching it, to screen the offender. If a capital offence.
If punishable with imprisonment for life. If punishable with less
than 20 years imprisonment.
201.
Whoever,
knowing or having reason to believe that an offence has been committed,
causes any evidence of the commission of that offence to disappear
with the intention of screening the offender from legal punishment,
or with that intention gives any information respecting the offence
which he knows or believes to be false, shall, if the offence which
he knows or believes to have been committed is punishable with death,
be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 10 years,
and shall also be liable to fine; and if the offence is punishable
with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment which may extend
to 20 years, shall
be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 7 years, and
shall also be liable to fine, and if the offence is punishable with
imprisonment for any term not extending to 20 years, shall be punished
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to one-fourth part
of the longest term of the imprisonment provided for the offence,
or with fine, or with both.IllustrationA,
knowing that B has murdered Z, assists B to hide the body with the
intention of screening B from punishment. A is liable to imprisonment
for 10 years,
and also to fine.
Intentional omission to give information
of an offence, by person bound to inform.
202.
Whoever,
knowing or having reason to believe that an offence has been committed,
intentionally omits to give any information respecting that offence
which he is legally bound to give, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 6 months, or with fine, or with both.
Giving false information respecting
an offence committed.
203.
Whoever,
knowing or having reason to believe that an offence has been committed,
gives any information respecting that offence which he knows or
believes to be false, shall be punished with imprisonment for a
term which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.Explanation.In sections 201 and 202 and in this
section “offence” includes any act committed at
any place out of Singapore which if committed in Singapore would
be punishable under any of the following sections, namely, 302,
304, 382, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 399, 402, 435, 436, 449,
450, 457, 458, 459 and 460.
Destruction of document or electronic
record to prevent its production as evidence
204.
Whoever
secretes or destroys any document or electronic
record which he may be lawfully compelled to produce as evidence
before a court of justice, or in any proceeding lawfully held before
a public servant as such, or obliterates or renders illegible the
whole or any part of such document or electronic
record with the intention of preventing the same from being
produced or used as evidence before such court or public servant
as aforesaid, or after he has been lawfully summoned or required
to produce the same for that purpose, shall be punished with imprisonment for
a term which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.
Obstructing, preventing,
perverting or defeating course of justice
204A.
Whoever
intentionally obstructs, prevents, perverts or defeats the course
of justice shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which
may extend to 7 years, or with fine, or with both.
Explanation.––A
mere warning to a witness that he may be prosecuted for perjury if
he gives false evidence is insufficient to constitute an offence.
Bribery of witnesses
204B.
—(1)
Whoever —(a)
gives, confers, or procures, promises
or offers to give, confer, or procure or attempts to procure, any
gratification to, upon, or for any person, upon any agreement or
understanding that any person who is aware of any offence (being
an offence which any person is legally bound to give information
respecting that offence) will abstain from reporting that offence
to the police or any agency charged by law with the duty of investigating
offences;
(b)
gives, confers, or procures, promises
or offers to give, confer, or procure or attempts to procure, any
gratification to, upon, or for any person, upon any agreement or
understanding that any person called or to be called as a witness
in any judicial proceeding will give false testimony or withhold
true testimony, or will abstain from giving evidence;
(c)
attempts by any means to induce a
person called or to be called as a witness in any judicial proceeding
to give false testimony, or to withhold true testimony or to abstain
from giving evidence; or
(d)
asks, receives, or obtains, or agrees
or attempts to receive or obtain, any property or benefit of any
kind for himself, or any other person, upon any agreement or understanding
that any person shall as a witness in any judicial proceeding give
false testimony or withhold true testimony or will abstain from
giving evidence,
shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 7 years, or with fine, or with both.
(2)
In this section, “judicial
proceeding” means any proceeding in the course of which
evidence is or may be legally taken.
False personation for the purpose of
any act or proceeding in a suit.
205.
Whoever
falsely personates another, and in such assumed character makes any
admission or statement, or confesses judgment, or causes any process
to be issued, or becomes bail or security, or does any other act
in any suit or criminal prosecution, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 3 years, or with fine, or with both.
Fraudulent removal or concealment of
property to prevent its seizure as a forfeiture or in execution
of a decree.
206.
Whoever
fraudulently removes, conceals, transfers, or delivers to any person any
property or any interest therein, intending thereby to prevent that
property or interest therein from being taken as a forfeiture or
in satisfaction of a fine, under a sentence which has been pronounced,
or which he knows to be likely to be pronounced by a court of justice
or other competent authority, or from being taken in execution of
a decree or order which has been made, or which he knows to be likely
to be made by a court of justice in a civil suit, shall be punished
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 2 years, or with
fine, or with both.
Fraudulent claim to property to prevent
its seizure as a forfeiture or in execution of a decree.
207.
Whoever
fraudulently accepts, receives or claims any property or any interest therein,
knowing that he has no right or rightful claim to such property
or interest, or practices any deception touching any right to any
property or any interest therein, intending thereby to prevent that
property or interest therein from being taken as a forfeiture or
in satisfaction of a fine under a sentence which has been pronounced, or
which he knows to be likely to be pronounced by a court of justice
or other competent authority, or from being taken in execution of
a decree or order which has been made or which he knows to be likely
to be made by a court of justice in a civil suit, shall be punished
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 2 years, or with
fine, or with both.
Fraudulently suffering a decree for
a sum not due.
208.
Whoever
fraudulently causes or suffers a decree or order to be passed against him
at the suit of any person for a sum not due, or for a larger sum
than is due to such person, or for any property or interest in property
to which such person is not entitled, or fraudulently causes or
suffers a decree or order to be executed against him after it has
been satisfied, or for anything in respect of which it has been
satisfied, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which
may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.IllustrationA institutes a suit against Z. Z, knowing
that A is likely to obtain a decree against him, fraudulently suffers
a judgment to pass against him for a larger amount at the suit of
B, who has no just claim against him, in order that B, either on
his own account or for the benefit of Z, may share in the proceeds
of any sale of Z’s property which may be made under A’s
decree. Z has committed an offence under this section.
Fraudulently or dishonestly making
a false claim before a court of justice.
209.
Whoever
fraudulently, or dishonestly, or with intent to injure or annoy
any person, makes before a court of justice any claim which he knows
to be false, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which
may extend to 2 years, and shall also be liable to fine.
Fraudulently obtaining a decree for
a sum not due.
210.
Whoever
fraudulently obtains a decree or order against any person for a
sum not due, or for a larger sum than is due, or for any property
or interest in property to which he is not entitled, or fraudulently
causes a decree or order to be executed against any person after
it has been satisfied, or for anything in respect of which it has
been satisfied, or fraudulently suffers or permits any such act
to be done in his name, shall be punished with imprisonment for
a term which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.
False charge of offence made with intent
to injure.
211.
Whoever,
with intent to cause injury to any person, institutes or causes
to be instituted any criminal proceeding against that person, or
falsely charges any person with having committed an offence, knowing
that there is no just or lawful ground for such proceeding or charge
against that person, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both; and if
such criminal proceeding be instituted on a false charge of an offence
punishable with death, or imprisonment for 7 years or upwards, shall
be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to
7 years and shall also be liable to fine.
Harbouring an offender. If a capital
offence. If punishable with imprisonment.
212.
Whenever
an offence has been committed, whoever harbours or conceals a person
whom he knows or has reason to believe to be the offender, with
the intention of screening him from legal punishment, shall, if
the offence is punishable with death, be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 10 years, and shall also be liable to fine;
and if the offence is punishable with imprisonment for life, or
with imprisonment which may extend to 20 years, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 7 years, and shall also be liable to fine;
and if the offence is punishable with imprisonment which may extend
to one year and not to 20 years, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to one-fourth part of the longest term
of imprisonment provided for the offence, or with fine, or with
both.
In this section “offence” includes
any act committed at any place out of Singapore which if committed
in Singapore would be punishable under any of the following sections,
namely, 302, 304, 382, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 399, 402, 435,
436, 449, 450, 457, 458, 459 and 460, and every such act shall for
the purposes of this section be deemed to be punishable as if the
accused person had been guilty of it in Singapore.Exception.This provision shall not extend to any
case in which the harbour or concealment is by the husband or wife
of the offender.IllustrationA,
knowing that B has committed gang-robbery, knowingly conceals B
in order to screen him from legal punishment. Here, as B is liable
to imprisonment for
a term of not less than 5 years and not more than 20 years,
A is liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 7 years, and
is also liable to fine.
Taking gifts, etc., to screen an offender
from punishment. If a capital offence. If punishable with imprisonment.
213.
Whoever
accepts, or agrees to accept, or attempts to obtain any gratification for
himself or any other person, or any restitution of property to himself
or any other person, in consideration of his concealing an offence,
or of his screening any person from legal punishment for any offence,
or of his not proceeding against any person for the purpose of bringing
him to legal punishment, shall, if the offence is punishable with
death, be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend
to 10 years,
and shall also be liable to fine; and if the offence is punishable
with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment which may extend
to 20 years, shall
be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 7 years, and
shall also be liable to fine; and if the offence is punishable with
imprisonment not extending to 20 years, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to one-fourth part of the longest term
of imprisonment provided for the offence, or with fine, or with
both.
Offering gift or restoration of property
in consideration of screening offender. If a capital offence. If
punishable with imprisonment.
214.
Whoever
gives or causes, or offers or agrees to give or cause, any gratification to
any person, or to restore or cause the restoration of any property
to any person, in consideration of that person’s concealing
an offence, or of his screening any person from legal punishment
for any offence, or of his not proceeding against any person for
the purpose of bringing him to legal punishment, shall, if the offence
is punishable with death, be punished with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to 10
years, and shall also be liable to fine; and if the offence
is punishable with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment which
may extend to 20
years, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which
may extend to 7
years, and shall also be liable to fine; and if the offence
is punishable with imprisonment not extending to 20 years, shall be punished with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to one-fourth part of the
longest term of imprisonment provided for the offence, or with fine,
or with both.Exception.Sections 213 and 214 do not extend to
any case in which the offence may lawfully be compounded.
Taking gift to help to recover stolen
property, etc.
215.
Whoever
takes, or agrees or consents to take, any gratification for himself
or any other person under pretence or on account of helping any
person to recover any movable property of which he has been deprived
by any offence punishable under this Code, shall, unless he uses
all means in his power to cause the offender to be apprehended and
convicted of the offence, be punished with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.
Harbouring an offender who has escaped
from custody, or whose apprehension has been ordered. If a capital
offence. If punishable with imprisonment. .
216.
Whenever
any person convicted of, or charged with an offence, being in lawful
custody for that offence, escapes from such custody, or whenever
a public servant, in the exercise of the lawful powers of such public
servant, orders a certain person to be apprehended for an offence,
whoever, knowing of such escape or order for apprehension, harbours
or conceals that person with the intention of preventing him from
being apprehended, shall be punished in the manner following, that
is to say, if the offence for which the person was in custody, or
is ordered to be apprehended, is punishable with death, he shall
be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 10 years,
and shall also be liable to fine; if the offence is punishable with
imprisonment for life, or imprisonment which may extend to 20 years,
he shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend
to 7 years,
and
shall also be liable to fine; and if the offence is punishable
with imprisonment which may extend to one year and not to 20 years,
he shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend
to one-fourth part of the longest term of the imprisonment provided
for the offence, or with fine, or with both.
In this section “offence” includes
also any act or omission of which a person is alleged to have been
guilty out of Singapore which if he had been guilty of it in Singapore
would have been punishable as an offence and for which he is under
any law relating to extradition, or otherwise, liable to be apprehended
or detained in custody in Singapore, and every such act or omission
shall for the purpose of this section be deemed to be punishable
as if the accused person had been guilty of it in Singapore.Exception.This provision does not extend to the
case in which the harbour or concealment is by the husband or wife
of the person to be apprehended.
Harbouring robbers or gang-robbers,
etc.
216A.
Whoever,
knowing or having reason to believe that any persons are about to commit
or have recently committed robbery or gang-robbery, harbours them
or any of them with the intention of facilitating the commission
of such robbery or gang-robbery or of screening them or any of them
from punishment, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to 7 years, and shall also be liable to fine.Explanation.For the purpose of this section it is
immaterial whether the robbery or gang-robbery is intended to be
committed or has been committed within or without Singapore.Exception.This provision does not extend to the
case in which the harbouring is by the husband or wife of the offender.
“Harbour”.
216B.
In
sections 212, 216 and 216A, “harbour” includes
the supplying a person with shelter, food, drink, money, clothes,
arms, ammunition, or means of conveyance, or the assisting a person
in any way to evade apprehension.
Public servant disobeying a direction
of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from
forfeiture.
217.
Whoever,
being a public servant, knowingly disobeys any direction of the
law as to the way in which he is to conduct himself as such public
servant, intending thereby to save, or knowing it to be likely that
he will thereby save, any person from legal punishment, or subject
him to a less punishment than that to which he is liable, or with
intent to save, or knowing that he is likely thereby to save, any
property from forfeiture or any charge to which it is liable by
law, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend
to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.
Public servant framing an incorrect
record or writing with intent to save person from punishment, or
property from forfeiture.
218.
Whoever,
being a public servant, and being, as such public servant, charged with
the preparation of any record or other writing, frames that record
or writing in a manner which he knows to be incorrect, with intent
to cause, or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause,
loss or injury to the public or to any person, or with intent thereby
to save, or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby save, any
person from legal punishment, or with intent to save, or knowing
that he is likely thereby to save, any property from forfeiture
or other charge to which it is liable by law, shall be punished
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 3 years, or with
fine, or with both.
Public servant in a judicial proceeding
making an order, etc., which he knows to be contrary to law.
219.
Whoever,
being a public servant, corruptly or maliciously makes or pronounces
in any stage of a judicial proceeding, any report, order, verdict
or decision which he knows to be contrary to law, shall be punished
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 7 years, or with
fine, or with both.
Commitment for trial or confinement
by a person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary
to law.
220.
Whoever,
being in any office which gives him legal authority to commit persons
for trial or to confinement, or to keep persons in confinement,
corruptly or maliciously commits any person for trial or to confinement,
or keeps any person in confinement, in the exercise of that authority,
knowing that in so doing he is acting contrary to law, shall be
punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 7 years,
or with fine, or with both.
Intentional omission to apprehend on
the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend.
221.
Whoever,
being a public servant, legally bound as such public servant to
apprehend or to keep in confinement any person charged with or liable
to be apprehended for an offence, intentionally omits to apprehend
such person, or intentionally suffers such person to escape, or
intentionally aids such person in escaping or attempting to escape
from such confinement, shall be punished —(a)
with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to 10 years, and shall
also be liable to fine, if the person in confinement, or who ought
to have been apprehended, was charged with or liable to be apprehended
for an offence punishable with death;
(b)
with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to 7 years, and shall also be
liable to fine, if the person in confinement, or who ought to have
been apprehended, was charged with or liable to be apprehended for
an offence punishable with imprisonment for life, or imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 20 years; or
(c)
with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to 5 years, or with fine,
or with both, if the person in confinement, or who ought to have
been apprehended, was charged with or liable to be apprehended for
an offence punishable with imprisonment for a term less than 20 years.
Intentional omission to apprehend on
the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend person under
sentence of a court of justice.
222.
Whoever,
being a public servant, legally bound as such public servant to
apprehend or to keep in confinement any person under sentence of
a court of justice for any offence, or lawfully committed to custody,
intentionally omits to apprehend such person, or intentionally suffers
such person to escape, or intentionally aids such person in escaping
or attempting to escape from such confinement, shall be punished —(a)
with
imprisonment for life or with imprisonment for a term which may
extend to 20 years, and shall also be liable to fine, if the person
in confinement, or who ought to have been apprehended, is under
sentence of death;
(b)
with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to 10 years, and shall
also be liable to fine, if the person in confinement, or who ought
to have been apprehended, is subject, by a sentence of a court of
justice, or by virtue of a commutation of such sentence, to imprisonment
for a term of 20 years or upwards; or
(c)
with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to 7 years, or with fine
or with both, if the person in confinement, or who ought to have
been apprehended, is subject, by a sentence of a court of justice,
to imprisonment for a term less than 20 years, or if the person
was lawfully committed to custody.
Escape from confinement negligently
suffered by a public servant.
223.
Whoever,
being a public servant, legally bound as such public servant to
keep in confinement any person charged with or convicted of any
offence, or lawfully committed to custody, negligently suffers such
person to escape from confinement, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.
Resistance or obstruction by a person
to his lawful apprehension.
224.
Whoever
intentionally offers any resistance or illegal obstruction to the
lawful apprehension of himself for any offence with which he is
charged, or of which he has been convicted, or escapes or attempts
to escape from any custody in which he is lawfully detained for
any such offence, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term
which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.Explanation.The punishment in this section is in
addition to the punishment for which the person to be apprehended
or detained in custody was liable for the offence with which he
was charged or of which he was convicted.
Resistance or obstruction to the lawful
apprehension of another person.
225.
Whoever
intentionally offers any resistance or illegal obstruction to the
lawful apprehension of any other person for an offence, or rescues
or attempts to rescue any other person from any custody in which
that person is lawfully detained for an offence —(a)
shall
be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to 5 years,
or with fine, or with both;
(b)
if
the person to be apprehended, or the person rescued, or attempted
to be rescued, is charged with or liable to be apprehended for an
offence punishable with imprisonment for life of imprisonment for
a term which may extend to 20 years, shall be punished with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 7 years, and shall also be liable to fine;
(c)
if
the person to be apprehended or rescued, or attempted to be rescued,
is charged with or liable to be apprehended for an offence punishable
with death, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which
may extend to 10
years, and shall also be liable to fine;
(d)
if
the person to be apprehended or rescued, or attempted to be rescued,
is liable, under the sentence of a court of justice, or by virtue
of a commutation of such a sentence, to imprisonment for a term
of 10 years or upwards, shall be punished with imprisonment for
a term which may extend to 10 years, and shall also be liable to fine;
or
(e)
if
the person to be apprehended or rescued, or attempted to be rescued,
is under sentence of death, shall be punished with imprisonment
for life or imprisonment for a term not exceeding 15 years, and shall also be liable
to fine.
Public servant omitting to apprehend
or suffering other persons to escape in cases not already provided
for.
225A.
Whoever,
being a public servant legally bound as such public servant to apprehend
or to keep in confinement any person in any case not provided for
in section 221, 222, or 223, or in any other law for the time being
in force, omits to apprehend that person, or suffers him to escape
from confinement, shall be punished —(a)
if he does so intentionally, with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 3 years, or with fine, or with both;
or
(b)
if he does so negligently, with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.
Resistance or obstruction to lawful
apprehension, or escape, or rescue, in cases not otherwise provided
for.
225B.
Whoever,
in any case not provided for in section 224 or 225, or in any other law
for the time being in force, intentionally offers any resistance
or illegal obstruction to the lawful apprehension of himself or
of any other person, or escapes or attempts to escape from any custody
in which he is lawfully detained, or rescues or attempts to rescue
any other person from any custody in which that person is lawfully
detained, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may
extend to one
year, or with fine, or with both.
Offences against laws of Singapore
where no special punishment is provided.
225C.
Whoever
does anything which by any law in force in Singapore he is prohibited
from doing, or omits to do anything which he is so enjoined to do,
shall, when no special punishment is provided by the law for such
commission or omission, be punished with fine not exceeding $2,000.
Unlawful return from banishment.
226.
Whoever,
having been lawfully banished, or otherwise lawfully sent out of Singapore,
returns to Singapore, the term for which he was banished or sent
out of Singapore not having expired, and he not having received
a remission of punishment, or otherwise not having lawful authority
to return to Singapore, shall be punished with imprisonment for
a term which shall not exceed that for which he was banished or
sent out of Singapore, and shall also be liable to fine.Explanation.A person ordered to be banished from
Singapore under the Banishment Act is liable to punishment for returning
unlawfully to Singapore under this section.
Cap. 18.
Violation of condition of remission
of punishment.
227.
Whoever,
having accepted any conditional remission of punishment, knowingly
violates any condition on which such remission was granted, shall
be punished with the punishment to which he was originally sentenced
if he has already suffered no part of that punishment, and if he
has suffered any part of that punishment, then with so much of that
punishment as he has not already suffered.
Intentional insult or interruption
to a public servant sitting in any stage of a judicial proceeding.
228.
Whoever
intentionally offers any insult or causes any interruption to any
public servant, while such public servant is sitting in any stage
of a judicial proceeding shall be punished with imprisonment for
a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may extend
to $5,000,
or with both.
Personation of an assessor.
229.
Whoever,
by personation or otherwise, intentionally causes or knowingly suffers
himself to be returned, empanelled, or sworn as an assessor in any
case in which he knows that he is not entitled by law to be so returned,
empanelled, or sworn, or knowing himself to have been so returned,
empanelled, or sworn contrary to law, voluntarily serves as such
assessor, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may
extend to 2 years, or with fine, or with both.