Singapore Statutes Online - 224

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Contents

Penal Code
(CHAPTER 224)

Long Title

Chapter I — PRELIMINARY

1 Short title

2 Punishment of offences committed within Singapore

3 Punishment of offences committed beyond, but which by law may be tried within Singapore

4 Jurisdiction over public servants for offences committed outside Singapore

5 Certain laws not to be affected by this Code

Chapter II — GENERAL EXPLANATIONS

6 Definitions in this Code to be understood subject to exceptions

7 Expression once explained is used in the same sense throughout this Code

8 "Gender"

9 "Number"

10 "Man" and "woman"

11 "Person"

12 "Public"

17 "Government"

19 "Judge"

20 "Court of justice"

21 "Public servant"

22 "Movable property"

23 "Wrongful gain" and "wrongful loss"

24 "Dishonestly"

25 "Fraudulently"

26 "Reason to believe"

27 Property in possession of spouse, clerk or servant

28 "Counterfeit"

29 "Document"

29A "Writing"

29B "Electronic record"

30 "Valuable security"

31 "A will"

31A "Die" and "instrument"

32 Words referring to acts include illegal omissions

33 "Act" and "omission"

34 Each of several persons liable for an act done by all, in like manner as if done by him alone

35 When such an act is criminal by reason of its being done with a criminal knowledge or intention

36 Effect caused partly by act and partly by omission

37 Co-operation by doing one of several acts constituting an offence

38 Several persons engaged in the commission of a criminal act may be guilty of different offences

39 "Voluntarily"

40 "Offence"

41 Offence with specified term of imprisonment

42 "Obscene"

43 "Illegal", "unlawful" and "legally bound to do"

44 "Injury"

45 "Life"

46 "Death"

47 "Animal"

48 "Vessel"

49 "Year" and "month"

50 "Section"

51 "Oath"

52 "Good faith"

Chapter III — PUNISHMENTS

53 Punishments

54 Imprisonment for life

57 (Repealed)

71 (Repealed)

72 Punishment of a person found guilty of one of several offences, the judgment stating that it is doubtful of which

73 Enhanced penalties for offences against domestic maids

74 Enhanced penalties for racially or religiously aggravated offences

75 Punishment of persons convicted, after a previous conviction, of an offence punishable with 3 years’ imprisonment

Chapter IV — GENERAL EXCEPTIONS

76 Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound by law

77 Act of judge when acting judicially

78 Act done pursuant to the judgment or order of a court of justice

79 Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified by law

80 Accident in the doing of a lawful act

81 Act likely to cause harm but done without a criminal intent, and to prevent other harm

82 Act of a child under 7 years of age

83 Act of a child above 7 and under 12 years of age, who has not sufficient maturity of understanding

84 Act of a person of unsound mind

85 Intoxication when a defence

86 Effect of defence of intoxication when established

87 Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent

88 Act not intended to cause death done by consent in good faith for the benefit of a person

89 Act done in good faith for the benefit of a child or person of unsound mind, by or by consent of guardian

90 Consent given under fear or misconception, by person of unsound mind, etc., and by child

91 Acts which are offences independently of harm caused to the person consenting, are not within the exceptions in sections 87, 88 and 89

92 Act done in good faith for the benefit of a person without consent

93 Communication made in good faith

94 Act to which a person is compelled by threats

95 Act causing slight harm

Right of private defence

96 Nothing done in private defence is an offence

97 Right of private defence of the body and of property

98 Right of private defence against the act of a person of unsound mind, etc.

99 Acts against which there is no right of private defence

100 When the right of private defence of the body extends to causing death

101 When such right extends to causing any harm other than death

102 Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of the body

103 When the right of private defence of property extends to causing death

104 When such right extends to causing any harm other than death

105 Commencement and continuance of the right of private defence of property

106 Right of private defence against a deadly assault when there is risk of harm to an innocent person

Chapter V — ABETMENT

107 Abetment of the doing of a thing

108 Abettor

108A Abetment in Singapore of an offence outside Singapore

108B Abetment outside Singapore of an offence in Singapore

109 Punishment of abetment if the act abetted is committed in consequence, and where no express provision is made for its punishment

110 Punishment of abetment if the person abetted does the act with a different intention from that of the abettor

111 Liability of abettor when one act is abetted and a different act is done

112 Abettor, when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done

113 Liability of abettor for an offence caused by the act abetted different from that intended by the abettor

114 Abettor present when offence committed

115 Abetment of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life

116 Abetment of an offence punishable with imprisonment

117 Abetting the commission of an offence by the public or by more than 10 persons

118 Concealing a design to commit an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life

119 A public servant concealing a design to commit an offence which it is his duty to prevent

120 Concealing a design to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment

Chapter VA — CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY

120A Definition of criminal conspiracy

120B Punishment of criminal conspiracy

Chapter VI — OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE

121 Waging or attempting to wage war or abetting the waging of war against the Government

121A Offences against the President’s person

121B Offences against authority

121C Abetting offences under section 121A or 121B

121D Intentional omission to give information of offences against section 121, 121A, 121B or 121C by a person bound to inform

122 Collecting arms, etc., with the intention of waging war against the Government

123 Concealing with intent to facilitate a design to wage war

124 Assaulting President, etc., with intent to compel or restrain the exercise of any lawful power

125 Waging war against any power in alliance or at peace with Singapore

126 Committing depredation on the territories of any power in alliance or at peace with Singapore

127 Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 125 and 126

128 Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war in his custody to escape

129 Public servant negligently suffering prisoner of State or war in his custody to escape

130 Aiding escape of, rescuing, or harbouring such prisoner

130A "Harbour"

Chapter VIA — PIRACY

130B Piracy by law of nations. Cf. 12 and 13 Victoria c. 96 (Admiralty Offences (Colonial) Act 1849)

130C Piratical acts

Chapter VIB — GENOCIDE

130D Genocide

130E Punishment for genocide

Chapter VII — OFFENCES RELATING TO THE ARMED FORCES

131 Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce an officer or a serviceman from his duty

132 Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof

133 Abetment of an assault by an officer or a serviceman on his superior officer, when in the execution of his office

134 Abetment of such assault, if the assault is committed

135 Abetment of the desertion of an officer or a serviceman

136 Harbouring a deserter

137 Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master

138 Abetment of act of insubordination by an officer or a serviceman

139 Saving

140 Wearing the dress of a serviceman

140A "Harbour"

140B Application of Chapter VII to Singapore Police Force

Chapter VIII — OFFENCES RELATING TO UNLAWFUL ASSEMBLY

141 Unlawful assembly

142 Being a member of an unlawful assembly

143 Punishment

144 Joining an unlawful assembly armed with any deadly weapon

145 Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly, knowing that it has been commanded to disperse

146 Force used by one member in prosecution of common object

147 Punishment for rioting

148 Rioting, armed with a deadly weapon

149 Every member of an unlawful assembly to be deemed guilty of any offence committed in prosecution of common object

150 Hiring, or conniving at hiring, of persons to join an unlawful assembly

151 Knowingly joining or continuing in any assembly of 5 or more persons after it has been commanded to disperse

151A (Repealed)

152 Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc.

153 Wantonly giving provocation, with intent to cause riot

154 Owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held

155 Liability of person for whose benefit a riot is committed

156 Liability of agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed

157 Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly

158 Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly or riot

159 (Repealed)

160 (Repealed)

Chapter IX — OFFENCES BY OR RELATING TO PUBLIC SERVANTS

161 Public servant taking a gratification, other than legal remuneration, in respect of an official act

162 Taking a gratification in order, by corrupt or illegal means, to influence a public servant

163 Taking a gratification, for the exercise of personal influence with a public servant

164 Punishment for abetment by public servant of the offences above defined

165 Public servant obtaining any valuable thing, without consideration, from person concerned in any proceeding or business transacted by such public servant

166 Public servant disobeying a direction of the law, with intent to cause injury to any person

167 Public servant framing an incorrect document or electronic record with intent to cause injury

168 Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade

169 Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property

170 Personating a public servant

171 Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant, with fraudulent intent

Chapter X — CONTEMPTS OF THE LAWFUL AUTHORITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS

172 Absconding to avoid arrest on warrant or service of summons, etc., proceeding from a public servant

173 Preventing service of summons, etc., or preventing publication thereof

174 Failure to attend in obedience to an order from a public servant

175 Omission to produce a document or an electronic record to a public servant by a person legally bound to produce such document or electronic record

176 Omission to give notice or information to a public servant by a person legally bound to give such notice or information

177 Furnishing false information

178 Refusing oath when duly required to take oath by a public servant

179 Refusing to answer a public servant authorised to question

180 Refusing to sign statement

181 False statement on oath to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath

182 False information, with intent to cause a public servant to use his lawful power to the injury of another person

183 Resistance to the taking of property by the lawful authority of a public servant

184 Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of a public servant

185 Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of a public servant

186 Obstructing public servant in discharge of his public functions

187 Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance

188 Disobedience to an order duly promulgated by a public servant

189 Threat of injury to a public servant

190 Threat of injury to induce any person to refrain from applying for protection to a public servant

Chapter XI — FALSE EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE

191 Giving false evidence

192 Fabricating false evidence

193 Punishment for false evidence

194 Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of a capital offence

195 Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of an offence punishable with imprisonment

196 Using evidence known to be false

197 Issuing or signing a false certificate

198 Using as a true certificate one known to be false in a material point

199 False statement made in any declaration which is by law receivable as evidence

200 Using as true any such declaration known to be false

201 Causing disappearance of evidence of an offence committed, or giving false information touching it, to screen the offender

202 Intentional omission to give information of an offence, by person bound to inform

203 Giving false information respecting an offence committed

204 Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence

204A Obstructing, preventing, perverting or defeating course of justice

204B Bribery of witnesses

205 False personation for the purpose of any act or proceeding in a suit

206 Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as a forfeiture or in execution of a decree

207 Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as a forfeiture or in execution of a decree

208 Fraudulently suffering a decree for a sum not due

209 Fraudulently or dishonestly making a false claim before a court of justice

210 Fraudulently obtaining a decree for a sum not due

211 False charge of offence made with intent to injure

212 Harbouring an offender

213 Taking gifts, etc., to screen an offender from punishment

214 Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender

215 Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc.

216 Harbouring an offender who has escaped from custody, or whose apprehension has been ordered

216A Harbouring robbers or gang-robbers, etc.

216B "Harbour"

217 Public servant disobeying a direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture

218 Public servant framing an incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment, or property from forfeiture

219 Public servant in a judicial proceeding making an order, etc., which he knows to be contrary to law

220 Commitment for trial or confinement by a person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law

221 Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend

222 Intentional omission to apprehend on the part of a public servant bound by law to apprehend person under sentence of a court of justice

223 Escape from confinement negligently suffered by a public servant

224 Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension

225 Resistance or obstruction to the lawful apprehension of another person

225A Public servant omitting to apprehend or suffering other persons to escape in cases not already provided for

225B Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension, or escape, or rescue, in cases not otherwise provided for

225C Offences against laws of Singapore where no special punishment is provided

226 Unlawful return from banishment

227 Violation of condition of remission of punishment

228 Intentional insult or interruption to a public servant sitting in any stage of a judicial proceeding

229 Personation of an assessor

Chapter XII — OFFENCES RELATING TO COIN AND GOVERNMENT STAMPS

230 "Coin" and "current coin"

231 Counterfeiting coin

232 Counterfeiting current coin

233 Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting coin

234 Making or selling instrument for counterfeiting current coin

235 Possession of instrument or material for the purpose of using the same for counterfeiting coin

236 Abetting in Singapore the counterfeiting out of Singapore of coin or current coin

237 Import or export of counterfeit coin

238 Import or export of counterfeits of current coin

239 Delivery to another of coin, possessed with the knowledge that it is counterfeit

240 Delivery of current coin, possessed with the knowledge that it is counterfeit

241 Delivery to another of coin as genuine, which when first possessed the deliverer did not know to be counterfeit

241A Delivery to another of current coin as genuine, which when first possessed the deliverer did not know to be counterfeit

242 Possession of counterfeit coin by a person who knew it to be counterfeit when he became possessed thereof

243 Possession of current coin by a person who knew it to be counterfeit when he became possessed thereof

243A (Repealed)

246 Fraudulently or dishonestly diminishing the weight or altering the composition of any coin

247 Fraudulently or dishonestly diminishing the weight or altering the composition of current coin

248 Altering appearance of any coin with intent that it shall pass as a coin of a different description

249 Altering appearance of current coin with intent that it shall pass as a coin of a different description

250 Delivery to another of coin possessed with the knowledge that it is altered

251 Delivery of current coin possessed with the knowledge that it is altered

252 Possession of altered coin by a person who knew it to be altered when he became possessed thereof

253 Possession of current coin by a person who knew it to be altered when he became possessed thereof

254 Delivery to another of coin as genuine, which when first possessed the deliverer did not know to be altered

254A Delivery to another of current coin as genuine, which when first possessed the deliverer did not know to be altered

255 Counterfeiting a Government stamp

256 Having possession of an instrument or material for the purpose of counterfeiting a Government stamp

257 Making or selling an instrument for the purpose of counterfeiting a Government stamp

258 Sale of counterfeit Government stamp

259 Having possession of a counterfeit Government stamp

260 Using as genuine a Government stamp known to be counterfeit

261 Effacing any writing from a substance bearing a Government stamp, or removing from a document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government

262 Using a Government stamp known to have been before used

263 Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used

Chapter XIII — OFFENCES RELATING TO WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

264 Fraudulent use of false instrument for weighing

265 Fraudulent use of false weight or measure

266 Being in possession of false weights or measures

267 Making or selling false weights or measures

Chapter XIV — OFFENCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC TRANQUILITY, PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY, CONVENIENCE, DECENCY AND MORALS

267A Affray

267B Punishment for committing affray

267C Making, printing, etc., document containing incitement to violence, etc.

268 Public nuisance

269 Negligent act likely to spread infection of any disease dangerous to life

270 Malignant act likely to spread infection of any disease dangerous to life

271 Disobedience to a quarantine rule

272 Adulteration of food or drink which is intended for sale

273 Sale of noxious food or drink

274 Adulteration of drugs

275 Sale of adulterated drugs

276 Sale of any drug as a different drug or preparation

277 Fouling the water of a public spring or reservoir

278 Making atmosphere noxious to health

279 Rash driving or riding on a public way

280 Rash navigation of a vessel

281 Exhibition of a false light, mark or buoy

282 Conveying person by water for hire in a vessel overloaded or unsafe

283 Danger or obstruction in a public way or navigation

284 Negligent conduct with respect to any poisonous substance

285 Negligent conduct with respect to any fire or combustible matter

286 Negligent conduct with respect to any explosive substance

287 Negligent conduct with respect to any machinery in the possession or under the charge of the offender

288 Negligence in pulling down or repairing buildings

289 Negligence with respect to any animal

290 Punishment for public nuisance

291 Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue

292 Sale of obscene books, etc.

293 Sale, etc., of obscene objects to young person

294 Obscene songs

Chapter XV — OFFENCES RELATING TO RELIGION OR RACE

295 Injuring or defiling a place of worship with intent to insult the religion of any class

296 Disturbing a religious assembly

297 Trespassing on burial places, etc.

298 Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound the religious or racial feelings of any person

298A Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion or race and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony

Chapter XVI — OFFENCES AFFECTING THE HUMAN BODY

Offences affecting life

299 Culpable homicide

300 Murder

301 Culpable homicide by causing the death of a person other than the person whose death was intended

302 Punishment for murder

304 Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder

304A Causing death by rash or negligent act

305 Abetment of suicide of child or insane person

306 Abetment of suicide

307 Attempt to murder

308 Attempt to commit culpable homicide

309 Attempt to commit suicide

310 Infanticide

311 Punishment for infanticide

Causing miscarriage; injuries to unborn children; exposure of infants; and concealment of births

312 Causing miscarriage

313 Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent

314 Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage

315 Child destruction before, at or immediately after birth

316 Causing death of a quick unborn child by an act amounting to culpable homicide

317 Exposure and abandonment of a child under 12 years by parent or person having care of it

318 Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body

Hurt

319 Hurt

320 Grievous hurt

321 Voluntarily causing hurt

322 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt

323 Punishment for voluntarily causing hurt

324 Voluntarily causing hurt by dangerous weapons or means

325 Punishment for voluntarily causing grievous hurt

326 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means

327 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort property or to constrain to an illegal act

328 Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence

329 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act

330 Voluntarily causing hurt to extort confession or to compel restoration of property

331 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to extort confession or to compel restoration of property

332 Voluntarily causing hurt to deter public servant from his duty

333 Voluntarily causing grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty

334 Voluntarily causing hurt on provocation

335 Causing grievous hurt on provocation

336 Punishment for act which endangers life or the personal safety of others

337 Causing hurt by an act which endangers life or the personal safety of others

338 Causing grievous hurt by an act which endangers life or the personal safety of others

Wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement

339 Wrongful restraint

340 Wrongful confinement

341 Punishment for wrongful restraint

342 Punishment for wrongful confinement

343 Wrongful confinement for 3 or more days

344 Wrongful confinement for 10 or more days

345 Wrongful confinement of person for whose liberation a writ has been issued

346 Wrongful confinement in secret

347 Wrongful confinement for the purpose of extorting property or constraining to an illegal act

348 Wrongful confinement for the purpose of extorting confession or of compelling restoration of property

Criminal force and assault

349 Force

350 Criminal force

351 Assault

352 Punishment for using criminal force otherwise than on grave and sudden provocation

353 Using criminal force to deter a public servant from discharge of his duty

354 Assault or use of criminal force to a person with intent to outrage modesty

354A Outraging modesty in certain circumstances

355 Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour otherwise than on grave and sudden provocation

356 Assault or criminal force in committing or attempting to commit theft of property carried by a person

357 Assault or criminal force in attempting wrongfully to confine a person

358 Assaulting or using criminal force on grave and sudden provocation

Kidnapping, abduction, slavery and forced labour

359 Kidnapping

360 Kidnapping from Singapore

361 Kidnapping from lawful guardianship

362 Abduction

363 Punishment for kidnapping

363A Punishment for abduction

364 Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder

364A (Repealed)

365 Kidnapping or abducting with intent secretly and wrongfully to confine a person

366 Kidnapping or abducting a woman to compel her marriage, etc.

367 Kidnapping or abducting in order to subject a person to grievous hurt, slavery, etc.

368 Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement a kidnapped person

369 Kidnapping or abducting child under 10 years with intent to steal movable property from the person of such child

370 Buying or disposing of any person as a slave

371 Habitual dealing in slaves

372 Selling minor for purposes of prostitution, etc.

373 Buying minor for purposes of prostitution, etc.

373A Importing woman for purposes of prostitution, etc.

374 Unlawful compulsory labour

Sexual offences

375 Rape

376 Sexual assault by penetration

376A Sexual penetration of minor under 16

376B Commercial sex with minor under 18

376C Commercial sex with minor under 18 outside Singapore

376D Tour outside Singapore for commercial sex with minor under 18

376E Sexual grooming of minor under 16

376F Procurement of sexual activity with person with mental disability

376G Incest

377 Sexual penetration of a corpse

377A Outrages on decency

377B Sexual penetration with living animal

377C Interpretation of sections 375 to 377B (sexual offences)

377D Mistake as to age

Chapter XVII — OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY

Theft

378 Theft

379 Punishment for theft

379A Punishment for theft of a motor vehicle

380 Theft in dwelling-house, etc.

381 Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master

382 Theft after preparation made for causing death or hurt in order to commit theft

Extortion

383 Extortion

384 Punishment for extortion

385 Putting person in fear of harm in order to commit extortion

386 Extortion by putting a person in fear of death or grievous hurt

387 Putting person in fear of death or of grievous hurt in order to commit extortion

388 Extortion by threat of accusation of an offence punishable with death, or imprisonment, etc.

389 Putting person in fear of accusation of offence, in order to commit extortion

Robbery and gang-robbery

390 Robbery

391 Gang-robbery

392 Punishment for robbery

393 Attempt to commit robbery

394 Voluntarily causing hurt in committing robbery

395 Punishment for gang-robbery

396 Gang-robbery with murder

397 Robbery when armed or with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt

399 Making preparation to commit gang-robbery

400 Punishment for belonging to gang-robbers

401 Punishment for belonging to wandering gang of thieves

402 Assembling for purpose of committing gang-robbery

Criminal misappropriation of property

403 Dishonest misappropriation of property

404 Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by a deceased person at the time of his death

Criminal breach of trust

405 Criminal breach of trust

406 Punishment of criminal breach of trust

407 Criminal breach of trust by carrier, etc.

408 Criminal breach of trust by clerk or servant

409 Criminal breach of trust by public servant, or by banker, merchant, or agent

Receiving stolen property

410 Stolen property

411 Dishonestly receiving stolen property

412 Dishonestly receiving property stolen in the commission of a gang- robbery

413 Habitually dealing in stolen property

414 Assisting in concealment or disposal of stolen property

Cheating

415 Cheating

416 Cheating by personation

417 Punishment for cheating

418 Cheating with knowledge that wrongful loss may be thereby caused to a person whose interest the offender is bound to protect

419 Punishment for cheating by personation

420 Cheating and dishonestly inducing a delivery of property

Fraudulent deeds and dispositions of property

421 Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors

422 Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing a debt or demand due to the offender from being made available for his creditors

423 Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing a false statement of consideration

424 Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property or release of claim

Mischief

425 Mischief

426 Punishment for committing mischief

427 Committing mischief and thereby causing loss or damage to the amount of $500

428 Mischief by killing or maiming any animal

429 (Repealed)

430 Mischief by injury to works of irrigation or by wrongfully diverting water

430A Mischief affecting railway engine, train, etc.

431 Mischief by injury to public road, bridge or river

431A Mischief by injury to telegraph cable, wire, etc.

432 Mischief by causing inundation or obstruction to public drainage, attended with damage

433 Mischief by destroying or moving or rendering less useful a lighthouse or sea-mark

434 Mischief by destroying or moving, etc., a landmark fixed by public authority

435 Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to cause damage

436 Mischief by fire or explosive substance with intent to destroy a house, etc.

437 Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a decked vessel or a vessel of 20 tons burden

438 Punishment for the mischief described in section 437 when committed by fire or any explosive substance

439 Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc.

440 Mischief committed after preparation made for causing death or hurt

Criminal trespass

441 Criminal trespass

442 House-trespass

443 Lurking house-trespass

444 Lurking house-trespass by night

445 House-breaking

446 House-breaking by night

447 Punishment for criminal trespass

448 Punishment for house-trespass

449 House-trespass in order to commit an offence punishable with death

450 House-trespass in order to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment for life

451 House-trespass in order to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment

452 House-trespass after preparation made for causing hurt, etc.

453 Punishment for lurking house-trespass or house-breaking

454 Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking in order to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment

455 Lurking house-trespass or house-breaking after preparation made for causing hurt, etc.

456 Punishment for lurking house-trespass by night or house-breaking by night

457 Lurking house-trespass by night or house-breaking by night in order to commit an offence punishable with imprisonment

458 Lurking house-trespass by night or house-breaking by night after preparation made for causing hurt, etc.

458A Punishment for subsequent offence under section 454 or 457

459 Grievous hurt caused while committing lurking house-trespass or house-breaking

460 Lurking house-trespass by night or house-breaking by night when death or grievous hurt is caused

461 Dishonestly breaking open any closed receptacle containing or supposed to contain property

462 Punishment for same offence when committed by person entrusted with custody

Chapter XVIII — OFFENCES RELATING TO DOCUMENTS OR ELECTRONIC RECORDS, FALSE INSTRUMENTS, AND TO CURRENCY NOTES AND BANK NOTES

463 Forgery

464 Making a false document or false electronic record

465 Punishment for forgery

466 Forgery of a record of a court of justice, or a public register of births, etc.

467 Forgery of a valuable security or will

468 Forgery for the purpose of cheating

469 Forgery for the purpose of harming the reputation of any person

470 "A forged document" or "a forged electronic record"

471 Using as genuine a forged document or forged electronic record

472 Making or possessing a counterfeit seal, plate, etc., with intent to commit a forgery punishable under section 467

473 Making or possessing a counterfeit seal, plate, etc., with intent to commit a forgery punishable otherwise

473A Making or possessing equipment for making a false instrument

473B Making or possessing equipment for making a false instrument with intent to induce prejudice

473C Meaning of "prejudice" and "induce"

474 Having possession of certain document or electronic record known to be forged, with intent to use it as genuine

475 Counterfeiting a device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material

476 Counterfeiting a device or mark used for authenticating documents or electronic records other than those described in section 467, or possessing counterfeit marked material

477 Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of a will

477A Falsification of accounts

Currency notes and bank notes

489A Forging or counterfeiting currency notes or bank notes

489B Using as genuine forged or counterfeit currency notes or bank notes

489C Possession of forged or counterfeit currency notes or bank notes

489D Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting currency notes or bank notes

489E (Repealed)

Chapter XX — OFFENCES RELATING TO MARRIAGE

493 Cohabitation caused by a man deceitfully inducing a belief of lawful marriage

494 Marrying again during the lifetime of husband or wife

495 Same offence with concealment of the former marriage from the person with whom subsequent marriage is contracted

496 Marriage ceremony gone through with fraudulent intent without lawful marriage

498 (Repealed)

Chapter XXI — DEFAMATION

499 Defamation

500 Punishment for defamation

501 Printing or engraving matter known to be defamatory

502 Sale of printed or engraved substance containing defamatory matter

Chapter XXII — CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION, INSULT AND ANNOYANCE

503 Criminal intimidation

504 Intentional insult with intent to provoke a breach of the peace

505 Statements conducing to public mischief

506 Punishment for criminal intimidation

507 Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication

508 Act caused by inducing a person to believe that he will be rendered an object of divine displeasure

509 Word or gesture intended to insult the modesty of a woman

510 Misconduct in public by a drunken person

Chapter XXIII — ATTEMPTS TO COMMIT OFFENCES

511 Punishment for attempting to commit offences

Legislative Source Key

Legislative History

Legislative History | Amendment Annotation off

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On 20/05/2013, you requested for the version in force on 20/05/2013 incorporating all amendments published on or before 20/05/2013. The closest version currently available is that of 01/01/2013.

“Counterfeit”

28. A person is said to “counterfeit” who causes one thing to resemble another thing, intending by means of that resemblance to practise deception, or knowing it to be likely that deception will thereby be practised.

Explanation 1.—It is not essential to counterfeiting that the imitation should be exact.

Explanation 2.—Where a person causes one thing to resemble another thing and the resemblance is such that a person might be deceived thereby, it shall be presumed until the contrary is proved that the person so causing the one thing to resemble the other thing intended by means of that resemblance to practise deception or knew it to be likely that deception would thereby be practised.

[Indian PC 1860, s. 28]